In ultimii ani, din ce in ce mai multe studii avanseaza ipoteza ca alopecia areata este o boala autoimuna, aceasta afirmatie fiind sustinuta si de existenta unui infiltrat cu celule imune peri- si intra-folicular. Am studiat compozitia acestui infiltrat, in 7 cazuri de pelada, folosind metoda imunohistohimica. Marcherii antigenici utilizati au fost: L26, UCHL1, CD4, CD8, CD68, S100, TBO1 si IgG. Infiltratul celular, situat atat peri- si intra-folicular, cat si difuz in derm, a fost comus in proportie de 70-90% din limfocite T (celule UCHL1+). Limfocitele B (L26+) au fost prezente in proportie de 5% in majoritatea cazurilor. Raportul dintre limfocitele CD4/CD8 a variat de la 3/1 la 15/1, mentinandu-se crescut si in unele cazuri cu boala stabilizata. Celulele CD68+ (monocite-macrofage) au fost foarte rare, la fel si celulele TBO1 (NK), care s-au gasit in proportie de 1-10%. Celulele dendritice (S100+) au fost relativ numeroase atat in infiltratul difuz cat si in infiltratul peri- si intra-folicular. Celulele IgG+ au fost prezente in proportie de 1-10%. Infiltratul celular a avut aceeasi compozitie in toate formele de alopecia areata. Este cert ca in patogenia peladei, sistemul imun, atat celular cat si umoral, are un rol determinant. Daca este o boala autoimuna sau nu, ramane de demonstrat.

In last years many studies promote the idea that alopecia areata is an autoimmun disease, this affirmation is support by the existence of an inflammatory cell infiltrate, peri- and intra-follicular. We study the composition of this infiltrate in 7 cases of alopecia areata, using indirect immunohistochemical method. The monoclonal antibodies used was L26, UCHL1, CD4, CD8, CD68, S100, TBO1 and IgG. The cell infiltrate, situated peri- and intra-follicular and diffuse in the dermis, was composed in proportion of 70-90% from
T lymphocyte (UCHL1+ cell). B lymphocyte (L26+) was present in the majority of cases in proportion of 5%. T4/T8 ratio was varied between 3/1 to 15/1 and it was maintain rise in some cases with stable form. CD68+ cell (monocyte-macrophages) was very rare, same TBO1+ cell (NK), Which was found in 1-10% proportion. The dendritic cell (S100+) was relative numerous in diffuse infiltrate, same peri- and intra-folicullare. IgG+ cell was present in 1-10% proportion. Cell infiltrate was the same in all forms of alopecia areata. Is sure that, in pelade pathogenesis, the immune system, cellular and the same umoral, have a determinant role. If it is an autoimmun disease or not remains to be demonstrate.