PF5. Aspecte clinice, imunologice si histologice in alopecia areata
Alopecia areata (AA), caracterizata printr-o alopecie necicatriciala de severitate variabila, este probabil mediata prin mecanismul autoimun.
Studiul nostru a fost realizat pe 23 cazuri de alopecia areata, 13 de sex feminin si 10 de sex masculin, 14 din mediul urban si 9 din mediul rural, cu varsta cuprinsa intre 15 si 52 ani, urmarite in clinica in ultimii 3 ani. Din acestea, 15 cazuri prezentau alopecia areata comuna, 5 cazuri alopecie ophiasica, 2 cazuri alopecia totalis si 1 caz alopecia universalis. Vechimea bolii a fost sub 1 an in 18 cazuri, intre 1 si 10 ani in 4 cazuri si peste 10 ani intr-un caz.
Imunoglobulinele serice au prezentat o crestere statistic semnificativa pentru Ig G si Ig M si nesemnificativa pentru Ig A. Fractiunea C3 a complementului a fost scazuta statistic nesemnificativ. Complexele imune circulante au fost crescute.
Examenul histologic (12 cazuri) a relevat atrofia epidermului, hiperkeratoza ostiofoliculara, foliculi pilosi distrofici si infiltrat inflamator perifolicular, intrafolicular si perivascular, predominant limfocitar. Imunofluorescenta directa a evidentiat depozite imune
(Ig G) cel mai frecvent la nivelul foliculilor pilosi si mai rar pe celulele infiltratului sau fibrele de colagen.
PF5. Alopecia Areata. Clinical, Immunological and Histological Aspects
Alopecia areata, characterized by a non-scarring loss of hair, is probably due to an autoimmune defect.
Our study included 23 cases of alopecia areata, 13 females and 10 males, 14 patients from urban and 9 from rural areas, with ages ranging between 15 and 52 years, followed up in our clinic during the past 3 years. Fifteen patients presented common alopecia areata, 5 alopecia ophiasica, 2 alopecia totalis and 1 alopecia universalis. The disease was present for less than 1 year in 18 cases, between 1 and 10 years in 4 patients and over 10 years in 1 case.
Serum immunoglobulins showed a statistically significant increase for Ig G and Ig M and insignificant for Ig A.
C3 complement fraction showed a statistically insignificant decrease. Circulating immune complexes were increased.
Histological examination (12 cases) revealed atrophy of the epidermis, ostiumfollicular hyperkeratosis, dystrophic hair follicles and perifollicular, intrafollicular and perivascular inflammatory infiltrate, prevalently lymphocytic. Direct immunofluorescence showed immune deposits (Ig G) prevalently at the level of hair follicles, and less commonly on infiltrate cells or collagen fibers.