Dermatocorticoizii (DC), utilizati astazi pe scara larga, prezinta efecte secundare care limiteaza folosirea lor, mai ales la varste mici si in tratament de lunga durata.

Scop: evidentierea efectelor secundare ale DC asupra structurii, ultrastructurii si a unor parametri biochimici la nivelul timusului de sobolan.

Material si metoda: s-au urmarit 3 loturi a cate 10 sobolani Wistar masculi prepuberi (varsta 30 z) tratati timp de trei zile consecutiv cu 50 mg crema DC/zi/100 g-corp in zona inghinala (1,5 cm2), comparativ cu un lot martor.S-au utilizat fluocinolon acetonid 0,025% (Fluocinolon acetonid), clobetazol propionat 0,05% (Dermovate) si hidrocortizon 17-butirat 0,1% (Locoid). Dupa sacrificare, organele timice au fost cantarite si s-au prelevat fragmente pentru prelucrarea histologica, ultrastructurala si biochimica.

Rezultate: am evidentiat depletia timocitelor, cresterea numarului si activitatii macrofagelor, proliferarea de colagen si acumularea de lipide. In cazul Fluocinolonului s-au evidentiat timoliza 65,2%, acumulare de lipide 710,3%, cresterea AGL (124,8%) si TGL (425,6%) fata de martor. Dermovate a indus timoliza 48,4%, acumulare lipidica 158,4%, AGL 30,2% si TGL 41,8% fata de martor. Locoidul a indus timoliza 22,61%, acumulare lipidica 56,7%, AGL 9,60% si TGL 16,82% fata de martor.

Concluzie. DC determina reactii secundare sistemice manifestate pregnant la nivelul timusului, dupa cum urmeaza: Fluocinolon - severe, Dermovate - medii, Locoid - minime. Aceste date trebuie luate in considerare la alegerea preparatului DC, in special la varste tinere.

The use of dermatocorticosteroids (DC) can be followed by systemic adverse reactions, mostly in young patients and long-term therapy.

Aim: to focus the structure, ultrastructure and some biochemical parameters in the rat thymus.

Matherial and method: the experiments were carried out on 3 groups of prepubertal (30 days-old) Wistar male rats, 10 rats in each group. Commercial formulations of 0.025% fluocinolone acetonide cream (Fluoconolon acetonid), 0.05% clobetazol propionate (Dermovate) and 0.1% hydrocortizon 17.butyrate (Locoid) were smeared in a thin layer, of 50 mg/100 g body-day in the inguinal region (1,5 cm2( for 3 days. After the animals, and their controls, were sacrified, the thymuses were weighted, prepared for histological and ultrastructural examination, blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis.

Results. The thymus presented lymphocytic depletion, raised number of highly active mactrophages, colagen proliferation and lipid accumulation. After Locoid therapy, the thymolysis was 22.61%, the lipid accumulation 57.5%, the free fatty acids (FFA) 9.60% and triglycerids (TGL) 16.82% compared to the control. After Fluocinolon and Dermovate, respectively, the thymolysis were 65.2% and 48.4%, the lipid accumulation 710.3% and 158.4%, FFA 124.8% and 30.2%, and TGL 425.6% and 41.8% respectively, compared to the control.

Conclusion. DC have systemic side effects, well demonstrated in the thymus of young animals: severe for Fluocinolon, Moderate for Dermovate and minimal for Locoid.